Revelando diversidade críptica com dna barcode em camarões da tribo penaeini (decapoda, penaeidae)

Abstract

The inability to identify biological species directly impacts conservation efforts, which is especially true among those species of great commercial interest, as is the case with shrimps of the Penaeidae family. Peneidae accounts for more than half of the world's crustacean fisheries and plays a valuable functional role in ecosystems and, therefore, has been the subject of biological and genetic research in recent decades. Among the peneids, the Penaeini Tribe stands out for its great diversity of species and high economic value. Recent systematic studies have suggested that the diversity of taxa within Penaeini has been underestimated, with controversial taxonomic classifications and phylogenetic relationships. In this sense, we access all COI sequences present in the BOLD Systems for the Penaeini tribe in order to assess the genetic and phylogenetic diversity of the tribe. In total, 1680 COI sequences were used for 24 of the 35 representatives of Penaeini. Our data revealed the occurrence of misidentification and mixtures involving the species of the old genus Penaeus. In addition, population and phylogenetic analyzes, using species delimitation methods (BINs, bPTP and GMYC) revealed high cryptic diversity within the Tribe, especially among species of great commercial interest. We detected the existence of highly structured populations along several ecoregions of the Atlantic (19), Indian (16) and Pacific (10) oceans, mostly concentrated in the region of the Indo-West Pacific provinces. In this context, we discuss patterns and biogeographical processes that may have shaped the evolutionary history of this group. Thus, our data provide important information to support management actions that aim to guarantee the maintenance of these lineages and their stocks in the long term.