Consumo alimentar e qualidade de vida de indivíduos com osteoartrose

Abstract

Osteoarthrosis is the most common form of joint disease, which affects more women than men. Its high prevalence is due, in part, to the increase in the prevalence of risk factors, especially the aging of the population and the increasing rates of obesity, considering it a serious public health problem. Although there are many studies addressing the topic, the role of nutritional status and diet in the progression and severity of the disease is still poorly understood. Knowing that environmental factors influence the onset of this disease, the aim of this study was to investigate food intake and quality of life in individuals with osteoarthrosis. A case series study was carried out, with patients of both sexes, over 18 years of age, where socioeconomic variables, nutritional status, food intake and quality of life were evaluated. The assessment of nutritional status was performed using the body mass index. To investigate food intake, a qualitative food frequency questionnaire was used, with measurement converted into consumption frequency scores for foods considered to be at risk and protection for chronic non-communicable diseases. Quality of life was assessed using the Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire - SF-12. 70 individuals were evaluated, 64.3% female, 44.3% over 50 years of age, 55.7% had higher education, 91.4% with some type of health plan, 33.3% had other non-communicable chronic diseases and 53.6% were overweight. Quality of life scores were below 50, which may indicate lower quality of life. It was observed that the most intake foods by both sexes are those considered risky foods. The median of risk food intake scores was statistically different (p = 0.01) in relation to the median of protective food intake scores. When the food intake scores according to socioeconomic and anthropometric characteristics are associated, people with other morbidities consume significantly less foods considered to be protective, and foods considered to be at risk were more consumed by the group with the highest per capita income. The results found confirm the need for further studies to assess the relationship of dietary patterns with osteoarthrosis. They can also support the development of strategies to promote healthy eating, encouraging the intake of protective foods in the treatment of chronic diseases, aiming at a better quality of life for these individuals.