Formação de defeitos topológicos em cascas nemáticas com o formato de haltere

Abstract

In the last decades, several studies have been carried to analize topolological defects in liquid crystals confined in curved geometries. In this way, we approach the main results of these researches, such as the study of spherical shells of liquid nematic crystals, together with the method of formation of these shells, and the study of nematic shells with variable curvature. We performed the theoretical analysis of the formation of topological defects in liquid crystals confined to nanoscopic shells. For this, we analyze the most frequenttypes of barrier disclination and how to identify the topological charge associated with the defect. There are several factors that can modify topological defects in a shell, such as temperature variation and external field effects. We used Molecular Dynamics to investigate the formation of defects in liquid crystals samples in the nematic phase. In this work, we show the results of the molecular simulation of the director field from the influence of the longitudinal electric field and the transverse electric field.