Identificação dos diagnósticos e intervenções de enfermagem em recuperação pós-anestésica segundo a teoria das necessidades humanas básicas

Abstract

Introduction. The post-anesthetic recovery room is the place intended to receive patients in the immediate postoperative period undergoing anesthesia, where intensive care is implemented, until the moment the patient is conscious, with protective reflexes present and stability of vital signs. Using the Systematization of Perioperative Nursing Assistance, the nurse has the possibility of providing better assistance, evaluating care and providing greater safety to the surgical patient. Objective. Identify the most frequent nursing interventions and diagnoses in a postanesthetic recovery room according to the Theory of basic human needs. Methodology. Cross-sectional, quantitative and descriptive study, carried out in accordance with a validated instrument for data collection, applied to patients over 18 years of age who underwent surgical care, being admitted to the post-anesthetic recovery room of a large public hospital, focused on for teaching and research, a reference in highly complex assistance in the Unified Health System in Alagoas. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Alagoas under number CAAE 02843818.3.0000.5013. Results. The research was carried out with 48 patients, being thirty-two female patients (66.7%) and sixteen male patients (33.3%). 22 Nursing diagnoses were identified, of which 17 were classified for basic psychobiological human needs, 4 for basic psychosocial human needs and 1 psycho-spiritual. The following diagnoses were found in all patients: Risk of Infection, Risk of Fall, Risk of Body Temperature Imbalance, Risk of Aspiration, Impaired Skin Integrity and Impaired Bed Mobility. Conclusion. The results and interventions addressed the following aspects: prevention of infection and fall, promotion of body temperature balance, precautions against aspiration, maintenance of basal conditions of the organism, promotion of healing, pain control, adequate gas exchange, promotion of comfort and prevention complications.