Instrumento de gestão urbanística: limites e perspectiva de aplicação do estudo de impacto de vizinhança (EIV).

Abstract

The Impact of Neighborhood Study was formalized by the Statute of the City Law as an instrument of urban policy, but it s still subject of discussion in multidisciplinary fields such as Law, Geography and City Planning, on its universe of coverage. This paper analyzes the Impact of Neighborhood to identify its limitations and prospects of application. For this analysis are sought, initially, the genesis of the instrument, trying to identify its origin and appearance as well as the conceptual aspects of founding, considered the impact of urban neighborhoods and developments impacting. Since the 1970s, the society attempts to regulate, through legislation, specific parameters for the implementation of some activities in urban areas, but only in 2001 was formalized a specific instrument for this purpose. To understand the universe of coverage of the Impact of Neighborhood Study were used definitions of some authors, organized in a framework where they established two types of discussion: the Impact of Neighborhood Study as a guarantee of constitutional principles and as an instrument of social control and urban land use. This study also examines three methods of application of the Impact of Neighborhood Study, built from the intention to promote the application of the instrument, making sure they were facing the city and neighborhood impacts. Finally, it were analyzed the laws of certain municipalities that already have regulations on the Impact of Neighborhood Study, checking its progress and contributions related to the Statute of the City Law, identifying how it were established: the urban impact, the neighborhood, the striking new development and mitigating and compensatory measures of verified impacts.