Eficácia do colírio de concentrado de plaquetas em olho seco de pacientes diabéticos

Abstract

The diabetic dry eye has a variable prevalence and pathophysiology involves hyperglycemia causing metabolic, vascular, and neuropathic injury. The conventional treatment with lubricants is often not sufficient in moderate to severe cases, which can lead to complications such as keratopathies, corneal opacities, ocular perforations and visual loss. Platelet-rich plasma eye drops (PRP) has already been used in ocular surface diseases due to their role in epithelialization and the presence of growth factors and vitamins that are similar to human tears. There are few studies using PRP in dry eye and none in diabetic dry eye. The main objective of this research is to evaluate if the efficacy of PRP in symptomatic diabetic dry eye. For this purpose, a clinical trial of temporal series was conducted, in which 12 diabetic patients unresponsive to conventional treatment, used the PRP for a month. The outcomes before and after treatment were dry eye symptoms, clinical signs of disease, visual acuity, Schirmer objective test and tear film breakup time (TFBUT), following the criteria of gravity DEWS (Dry Eye Workshop) and OSDI (Ocular Surface Disease Index). All patients had improvement in the following aspects: symptoms of dry eye (p=0.002), 41.66% in visual acuity (p=0.14), 66.67% in Schirmer test (p=0.04), 58.33% in TFBUT (p=0.01), and 100% improved in the OSDI score, which means was 56.13 ± 20.94 before the treatment, classified in severe dry eye, and 13.15 ± 11.40 after treatment, without dry eye symptoms. We can then conclude that the PRP is an alternative therapy that has proven effective in symptomatic diabetic dry eye. However, more clinical trials are needed to create specific protocols and evaluate the efficacy of treatment.