Qualidade microbiológica e contagem de células somáticas do leite de vacas mestiças coletado em Satuba, AL

Abstract

The microbiological quality of milk can be defined as an estimated contamination by microorganisms, which is related to the health of the mammary gland of cattle and general conditions of handling and hygiene adopted in the property. The number of somatic cells hás been used as an important tool for monitoring the quality of milk. The number of somatic cells has been used as an important tool for monitoring the quality of milk. The objective was to verify the microbiological quality of raw milk and pasteurized, somatic cell count and contamination of the milking environment in a property of the municipality of Satuba. The analysis followed the methodology described in the "Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods" and Methods of Analyses Microbiological Food Guide. Collections were made during six months of 2014. The samples in each stage form submitted to aerobic mesophilic counts in Agar Count Standard (PCA) at 28 ° C for five days, psychrotrophic PCA 7 ° C for 10 days, determining the number most likely (PMN) total coliforms (30 ° C for 48 hours) thermotolerant (45 ° C for 24 hours) and confirmation of Escherichia coli. For analysis of Staphylococcus spp, samples were plated on specific medium (Baird-Parker Agar Base himedia M043) and incubated at 37 / 24h. In the detection of Salmonella spp was used enrichment medium selenite cystine (37 / 24h) followed by plating medium for Salmonella Shigella agar (Acumedia 7152A). To Listeria spp médium was used Aloa A®PROTAC (37 / 72h). The analysis of chemical composition and Somatic Cell Count were performed by the dairy herd management program of the Northeast. All samples showed high standard plate count, the results ranged from 4.84 log10 to 5.78 log10 UFC/mL. In mesophilic counts, 100% of the samples were contaminated. Regarding psychrotrophic, in 83.33% of raw milk samples was identified and presence in pasteurized milk, this value dropped to 66.66%. All the analyzed samples showed 100% of noncompliance as the coliform count. In 95.84% of the analyzed points detected the presence of staphylococcus and 100% of the samples was Salmonella spp. All samples were contaminated by Listeria spp. The average chemical composition was in accordance with the law, except for the fat content in raw milk, with 2.79%. Also the milk samples was high somatic cell count, with results ranging from 1,051x106 to 9,576x106 SC/mL. According to the data obtained, it is concluded that the quality of milk collected in the studied property is outside the parameters established by the Normative Instruction 62, probably due to lack of hygienic care in the milking environment.