Proposta de implementação do Programa Coleta Seletiva Solidária - desafios e possibilidades na Universidade Federal de Alagoas: estudo da percepção da comunidade acadêmica sobre programas de coleta seletiva

Abstract

Waste generation has increased in all social settings. This fact brings an alert to the way of life that the current society will be submitting to future generations, besides bringing a challenge so that it becomes clear the importance that the proper management of the residues has in the confrontations of the environmental problems. Actions aimed at this survival must be stimulated within the environment in which the human being is inserted, in the case in hand, the academic environment of the university. The implementation of a program of selective collection of recyclable waste in an educational institution is a challenge, since, unlike other institutions, it is a potential producer of several types of waste. The Campus A. C. Simões of the Federal University of Alagoas compares to a small city where hundreds of servers, students or other people attend the institution to work, study and access banking services, post office etc. The implementation of a selective collection program is justified in UFAL by the large flow of people transiting inside the institution, which causes the generation of waste that needs to be properly discarded. Thus, this work aimed to propose, through a script, the stages of implementation of the Solidary Selective Collection Program in Campus A.C. Simões and Dispersed Units of UFAL, under the terms of Decree 5.940 / 06. In order to reach the objectives of this work, a methodology based on steps was followed. Selective collection actions were carried out at UFAL, as well as a diagnosis of the institution's infrastructure to determine if it would support the implementation of the program. Subsequently an exploratory research was carried out to investigate the UFAL's academic community perception about selective collection programs. Finally, drafts of essential documents for the implementation of the program were drawn up, as well as a roadmap describing the step-by-step implementation of the program. In the investigation and surveys carried out, the following results were obtained: there is no record of selective collection extension projects currently developed at UFAL, only one selective collection action developed within the university hospital; it was concluded that the physical infrastructure of UFAL is medium and the internal logistics of collecting and disposing of waste is limited, and there are not enough technical servers to cover a program of this magnitude; on the perception of the respondents, it was evidenced that the majority of respondents had a reasonable understanding of what would be selective collection and knew how to correctly separate the residues, but most of them ended up discarding the residues in common dumps, besides that almost all the researched ones had not participated in similar programs at UFAL, but would like to participate, noting that this desire to participate would not be as an active participation at the head of a project, but only to cooperate with the regular disposal of the waste. Based on these conclusions, models of draft and compromise drafts were proposed for the call and formalization of the link between the institution and the cooperatives of garbage collectors. In addition, a roadmap for the implementation of the program was proposed. Finally, it was concluded that the program proposed in this work is technically and legally feasible, however, other factors, such as the availability of budgetary and financial resources, should be considered by the university, since the implementation of the program will take place through the decentralization, in poles, of several extension projects that will carry out the activities of selective collection, dissemination, awareness raising and awareness raising.