Análise técnica-jurídica do instituto da outorga de lançamento de efluentes em rios intermitentes do semi-árido alagoano

Abstract

The lack of basic sanitation services, especially in Third World countries, have caused serious public health problems. The northeastern Brazil presents itself with this problem and that departments of sanitation offered their municipalities are precarious. Alagoas is embedded in the national concern because the state provides only 20% of its urban households and 1.5% of rural areas served by sewage collector network. This scenario becomes more critical in the semiarid region of Alagoas, because in this region are the most deprived municipalities systems sanitation. Another problem faced by these municipalities, where structured with collection systems and treatment of sewage, and the disposal of its treated effluent, since most of the rivers in this region are temporary and in those circumstances there is no established scientific studies to assess the effects these releases of sewage into troughs of intermittent rivers. With the enactment of Law nº 11.445/07, establishing the national policy on sanitation, there was an expansion of investment in systems and raw sewage collection and consequently an increase in applications of grants for release of effluents in rivers of intermittent semi – arid managers in the bodies of water resources. Law nº 9.433/97 brings as one of the instruments for the management of national water resources policy, the assignment, and CONAMA resolution nº 357/05 on governing the release of effluents, but in the specific case of grants for release of treated effluent into intermittent rivers, there is no specific legislation to settle. Based on this, the main objective of this study was to analyze the technical and legal institute for allotting release of sewage into rivers temporary semiarid Alagoano, establishing a methodology for analyzing these processes of grants in order to support decision-making bodies water managers. Finally, the results of applying this methodology, the Jacaré River basin as a case study, and the main propositions to fill this gap in the legal vernacular on the issue of granting the release of sewage into rivers of intermittent semi - arid.