Estado nutricional após gastrectomia e pancreatectomia por meio de parâmetros objetivos e ângulo de fase em oncologia

Abstract

Gastric cancer in Brazil is still the leading cause of cancer death. Pancreatic cancer, while representing 2% of all cancers in Brazil, has a high fatality rate. This thesis focuses on the risk and protective dietary factors related to gastric cancer, using a theoretical approach and describing the nutritional status of patients after undergoing surgery for stomach and pancreatic cancer, through an observational and cross-sectional study. The literature review revealed that the population surveys, in their vast majority, concluded that food of plant origin is the greatest protector due to its composition of antioxidants; with processed meats, the consumption of more than 300g of red meat, and excess salt are potential risk factors for gastric cancer. Whereas patients undergoing stomach and pancreatic surgery for cancer have a high risk of malnutrition, nutritional assessment is fundamental to the development of all the attention and / or nutritional intervention and should gather different methods, including current trends. In addition to the recognized classic methods (anthropometric and biochemical), phase angle has been widely used, since it determines the prognosis of patients in response to their nutritional status. This effect were evaluated by anthropometric, biochemical methods, bioelectrical impedance and phase angle 31 patients after surgery for stomach and pancreatic cancer, at the University Hospital Professor Alberto Antunes, Federal University of Alagoas .The results indicated a marasmic nutritional deficit, with a significant depletion of subcutaneous fat, anemia and a high frequency of decreased phase angle. The patients were malnourished or in the process of malnutrition. Correlations between anthropometric and biochemical parameters with phase angle have also shown that phase angle can be used as a predictor of the nutritional status of individuals in the post-surgical and outpatient stages, with the advantage of being a practical, non-invasive and relatively low cost method which can be used in public health services.