Proposição de sistema de tratamento de esgoto para o bairro Centro Histórico da Cidade de Piranhas - AL a partir de uma análise comparativa entre três sistemas convencionais

Abstract

Through Law No. 11,445, implemented in 2007, a period of search for improvements in the care of the environment was established in Brazil, since the disposal of effluents without treatment until then was very accomplished by several cities without any concern . This problem could be identified in the Centro Histórico district, located in the city of Piranhas - AL, which is a town of great tourist potential due to its natural and historical beauties and lacking available space. Therefore, the present work aimed to study this problem in order to propose an effluent treatment system that occupies a small area, be efficient and generate little sludge. To this end, we sought to review bibliographies regarding the most compact and widespread technologies in Brazil for the treatment of domestic effluents and the pertinent norms regarding the elaboration of hydraulic-sanitary projects. However, a characterization of the study area and a data survey were done to pre-dimension three treatment systems. Thus it was possible to analyze the results of these systems and compare them with the intention of choosing the best system for the problematic of this neighborhood. In this sense, the present work concludes that among the systems in question, the system composed of a preliminary treatment of a UASB reactor followed by a high rate biological filter would be a good way of solving this problem. Finally, it is hoped that this will contribute to the expansion of studies in the area of ​​effluent treatment, and serve as a support for the sanitation agencies in the choice of a treatment system not only of the neighborhood and city in question, but any city or neighborhood with similar characteristics.