Diversidade genética, estrutura populacional e associação de regiões cromossômicas com a prolificidade em Capra hircus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Abstract

Goat (Capra hircus) prolificacy is an important trait for animal production because of its great impact on viability of herd and significant contribution to breeding of this species. This study was carried out using next generation high throughout Goat SNP50 Beadchip Illumina® (53,347 SNPs) to genotype 127 goats from “Goats and Sheep Embrapa Sobral/CE” aiming to study the genetic diversity, population structural and wild genomic association with prolificacy. Information studied were from Saanen (32), Anglo Nubian (29), Moxotó (36) and Canindé (30) goats. First, validation study this genotyping microarray was carried out on high processing microarray platform (Goat SNP50 Beadchip) for Moxotó and Canindé breeds, since these were not included during the development of this tool. Control quality was applied according following criteria: Call rate (> 0.98), MAF (> 0.05) and HWE (> 0.001). After quality control, from 52,975 SNPs included, 40,401; 38,399; 41,792 and 46,502 were maintained SNPs for the studies of diversity of the Moxotó, Canindé and Anglo Nubian breeds, respectively. The results of validation study indicated that Goat SNP50 Beadchip panel was efficient, due to its extensive sampling in the genome of the populations studied. Genetic diversity study and population structural showed that expected and observed heterozygosity (He and Ho) were similar and low for all studied breeds lead law inbreeding coefficient revealing genetic diversity into the studied population. Principal component analysis showed the four breed groups were genetically different. However, transfer of genetic material was identified between each other. In genome wide association analyses, according Manhattan plot with one threshold P-value adjusted by Bonferroni (P=0.05/Nº of markers) there was no significant SNPs associated with prolificacy.