Avaliação de impactos ambientais na obra da duplicação da Rodovia AL-145 em Delmiro Gouveia

Abstract

According to the National Environmental Policy (Law 6938/81) and the Federal Constitution, the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is one of the instruments of environmental management that were provided in the elaboration of documents and process of Environmental Impact Study (EIS) and Environmental Impact Report (EIR), process and enterprises that are potentially polluting and / or degrading to the environment. This study aims to make feasible and minimize mitigation of the impacts caused by project actions that are developed. With the development occurred in Brazil in the last years it was felt the necessity of construction and improvements of the modal road, so to maximize the activities of mobilization, be it of people or products. It is known that the construction and improvement activities and maintenance of road infrastructure cause significant environmental impacts in all its phases, since conception to the phase of operation. The road works directly influence the local socioeconomic development, which is a positive impact, but the activities end up generating several negative impacts to the physical and biotic means. Then it is perceived for a prior and careful study of the possible environmental impacts generated by the activities and the monitoring of the mitigating actions developed for the containment and minimization of these impacts. Therefore, the present study sought to analyze and evaluate the impacts of the Highway duplication project in AL-145 into the city of Delmiro Gouveia - Alagoas, it was using two EIA methods: Checklist and Interaction Matrix allowed to evaluate the impacts of according to their importances and characterize them as positive or negative. The studies have revealed quantitative data such as a total of 58 expected impacts for the physical, biotic and anthropic environments during the implantation and operation phases of the highway. The negative impacts have been the largest in these data, and in relation to the means, the physical, presenting a total of 33 negative impacts, the largest in quantitative. After completed surveys and data, mitigating measures were proposed to minimize the mitigation of identified impacts.