“Protorracionalismo” em Maceió: um panorama urbano da Maceió de 1934 a 1959

Abstract

The dissertation here present proposes to show the course of a search realized in the city of Maceió-AL that intends to contribute to the gesture of preservation of the edified cultural patrimony of the city, by identification, register and conceptual reflections in regarding of the “Protorracionalistas” example, still present in the city. However, it is necessary to consider the understanding that all social practice is result of a set of determinations regulated to attend the needs reclaimed by the society, in a given historical moment. Therefore, sought to understand the urban context in the city of Maceió, in which was inserted the “protorracionalismo”, also to profile the society of that time, inside a cutout defined between the decades of 1930 and 1950. Given the above, it is opt for exploratory research, of quantitativequalitative profile, and inside of this perspective, the chosen methodological strategy was the study of each individual case, which is adequate to the utilized demands in the search of necessary data and information to the development of the study. For that, it is sought protection in documents (architectonical projects inserted in the cutout between 1934 and 1959) archived in the collection of the Municipal Secretary of Environment and Territorial Development (MSET), which assists the building of the experienced urban panorama in the period. Beyond this methodological action, it is utilized the search in field in two temporal moments – 1994 and 2017 – for identification and cataloguing purposes, of the buildings, it is applied methodologies that assists in the architectonical analysis of the found exemplary, such as: bibliographical search, photography survey, and in loco visitations. From the collected information, in the two moments, achieved it was to evaluate the dimension of the “protorracionalista” universe in Maceió. Noticed it is that the style in question, contributed to the urban development of the city, also it assists in the transition from the historicist architecture to the modern architecture. Supported it is by contributions by Renato De Fusco, in what concerns the referring theme of the origin of “protorracionalismo” in Europe and the background for it. In this theme, with Fusco, it is united Leonardo Benévolo and Kenneth Frampton. In which refers to the theory and history that involves Brazilian architecture in respect to the style in question in Brazil, it is searched for support in Luis Paulo Conde, Hugo Segawa, Fernando Fuão and Guilah Naslavsky, among others. To the construction of the socio historical context of Maceió, it is utilized the contributions of Luis Sávio de Almeida, Diegues Júnior, Craveiro Costa e Cícero Péricles de Carvalho. Searched it is, from that initiative, exposed in the following study, to open space to direct actions that Will reintegrate the edified patrimony in question to the contemporary urban context of Maceió, and also to alert in respect to the real conditions of the studied buildings.