O discurso da educação ambiental em Alagoas: do ambientalismo radical ao cinismo empresarial

Abstract

This dissertation draws upon the assumption that the dissociation of the Environmental Education (EA – Educação Ambiental, in Portuguese), of the environmentalists’ historical struggles constitutes an ideological resource of the ruling classes. Also based on the presupposition that in Alagoas there was a formation of an environmental movement with a history of antagonistic fights and environmental degradation promoted by the Salgema’s clorochemical company, actually called Braskem, we propose to analysis the EA speech of the Braskem company and of the Lagoa Viva Institute (ILV – Instituto Lagoa Viva), booster of the Lagoa Viva Environmental Education Program (PLV - Programa de Educação Ambiental Lagoa Viva) attached to it. We constructed our argumentative discourse, from the theory and method of Discourse Analysis of a French line (Pêcheutiana) plus the contributions of Bakhtin/Volochínov, Mészáros and the ontological perspective of Lukács, expanding the theoretical outline for a field that we call heterodox, with the dialogue of an anarchist perspective, with greater emphasis for the contributions of Social Ecology of Murray Bookchin, in order to build an EA field rarely discussed in Brazil: The Environmental Education Libertarian (Educação Ambiental Libertária). To substantiate this our epistemological, theoretical and discursive option, we launched a look to the Critical Theory, discussing its interdisciplinary method. The Critical Theory is also dialogued from the own field of the Environmental Education and from the philosophy of Slortedijk. We launched some discursive perspectives on the object, proposing some ways of directions that passes through the historical memory and through ideologies as paternalism and cynicism. The corpus was organized from an online newspaper article of the business group Odebretch/Braskem, of the document Policy on Braskem’s Social Responsibility and of a ILV magazine’s number. The dissertation is organized into four sections: 1) Theoretical Fundaments for an Environmental Education Libertarian, in which we launched our theoretical perspective of EA under construction; 2) Theory of Discourse and Ideology, centered on the concept of critical discourse of capitalism; 3) The Ecological Problems and the Object of Research, where it is located shortly the EA and the environmentalism in Alagoas; 4) The Business Cynicism against Living Ponds, in which we analyzed the EA’s speech in question and pointed out like conservative, paternalistic and cynical.