Estado nutricional e prevalência de anemia em pacientes com doença inflamatória intestinal: qual a relação com a calprotectina fecal?

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is defined as a chronic dysfunction, which may oscillate between periods of remission and acute phase. The two main types described are Crohn's disease (DC) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Clinical diagnosis is due to the combination of clinical, laboratory, histological and endoscopic data and characteristic symptoms. In order to evaluate the activity of IBD, the measurement of fecal calprotectin (FC) has been emphasizing both in the scientific community and in clinical practice. It is known that nutritional status influences the recovery of IBD. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status (NS) of the patients with IBD, the presence of anemia and their respective relations with the FC dosage. This dissertation is divided into two parts, the first one being a revision chapter and the second the original article. For data collection, anthropometric, biochemical, subjective and functional parameters were used. In the statistical analysis, the chi-square test or the Fisher's exact test and the odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were used. For the correlation test, Pearson or Spearman was used. A logistic regression test was performed, with the variables presenting p <0.2 in the bivariate analysis. The sample consisted of 36 patients, 63.88% were female, the majority were between 40 and 59 years old (41.66%), a diagnosis of CD (58.33%) and presented as the main current complaint of diarrhea (36.11%). When analyzed the NS (through anthropometry and functional capacity) and FC there was no association or correlation between these. The presence of anemia was independently associated with FC. It was concluded that NS did not correlate with changes in FC levels and the presence of anemia was independently associated with FC.