Influência da suplementação de cafeína sobre o desempenho aeróbio e anaeróbio em jovens atletas portadores do alelo A e C da CYP1A2

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of caffeine supplementation on the different CYP1A2 enzyme genotypes on aerobic and anaerobic performance in young athletes. The work was divided into a narrative review and an original article. The review consisted of a studies survey that consisted only of caffeine intake and its effects on adolescents and its use as an ergogenic resource on performance. In the original article were selected 100 adolescents (12-19 years). They were sports projects participants in any modality. At the first visit were performed an anthropometric evaluation, self-evaluation of sexual maturation and a blood collection to analyze the polymorphisms, and subsequently a familiarization of the test battery. On the second and third visit was carried out a battery of tests in the following order: handgrip strength test, agility test, push-up test, countermovement jump test, sit-up test and Yoyo intermittent recovery test level 1. Caffeine supplementation was composed of 6 mg.kg-1 in the anhydrous form and the placebo condition by cellulose also in the anhydrous form. The supplementation was performed in a randomized and double-blind manner according to each day. For statistical analysis was used SPSS version 17.0. The Kolmogorov-Smirnorv test was used to evaluate the normality of the data. The Student's T test was used for paired samples to evaluate the difference in supplementation and genotype between placebo and caffeine. The independent t-test for evaluate the differences between fast and slow caffeine metabolizers. There was an improvement for CAF in relation to PLA (p <0.05), except in the agility test. Among the genotypes, there were differences only in the agility test (p = 0.014). Regarding the maximum distance traveled in Yoyo IRL1, there was an improvement in the two forms of metabolization, with a main effect in the carriers of the C allele. Caffeine improved the performance in a battery of tests compared to the placebo group, without influence of genetic polymorphism Of CYP1A2. Among the genotypes there was difference only in the agility test. Homozygous AA had better performance at the beginning of the test battery, and the carriers of the C allele at the end of the battery. Adolescents respond well to caffeine, with side effects similar to adults. Further studies are needed to evaluate other polymorphisms that may be associated with caffeine.