Potencial terapêutico antiobesidade do 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole: repercussões no perfil lipídico sistêmico-hepático em um modelo murino dietético para a síndrome metabólica

Abstract

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by an association of factors that reinforce each other mutually; such as central obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemias. This scenario is associated to reactive species of oxygen and nitrogen production, aggravated by obesity status, triggering imbalance between oxidation and reduction reactions (redox), resulting in oxidative stress and metabolic disorders. Among the antioxidants, it is highlighted the catalase role, responsible to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) dismutation into oxygen and water. This compound is a substrate in lipolysis, energy control and inflammation. Thus, it is believed that the modulation of the H2O2 / catalase / redox balance-axis in MetS/Obesity, might produce an important therapeutic effect antiobesity and metabolic-liver changes. The aim was to evaluate effect antiobesity and the metabolic-liver changes induced by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (ATZ), a reputed catalase inhibitor on the 2O2 / catalase / redox balance-axis. For this, it was used at different doses (125, 250 and 500 mg.kg-1) in C57BL6 MetS mice-diet induced for 12 weeks. The ATZ-treated mice showed increased lipolysis (p<0.001) and decreased (p<0.001) levels of: diameter of adipocytes, body weight; distribution of epididymal fat, adiposity index; expression of plasma leptin ; plasma and liver total cholesterol (p<0.01; ATZ500, p<0.001), triglycerides (,p<0.001) and non-esterified free fatty acids (p<0.001); basal glycemia, during the glucose tolerance test (p<0.001), insulin resistance test (p<0.001) and pyruvate test (p<0.001); the index to indirect evaluation of insulin resistance and plasma insulin (p<0.01). Decreased (p<0,05) of liver-gene expression to: insulin receptor (p<0.05); Glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) and glucokinase (GCK) and increased gene expression to: phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2 (PcK2) (p<0.01); the fatty acid translocase protein (CD36 / FAT) (p<0.001) and lipid binding protein / adipocyte fatty acids (aP2) (p<0.001). Besides, it ocurred decreased in catalase activity and the levels of reactive substances to thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) (p<0.05). The ATZ showed to be a potent lipolytic inducer, able to promote an important antiobesity effect, capable to: reduce body weight, regulate the lipid balance between plasma and liver, improve glycaemic control and insulin sensitivity, as well as to modulate the redox imbalance in animal MetS induced by high fat diet.