Adesão terapêutica em pacientes com depressão: revisão integrativa da literatura

Abstract

An integrative literature review was performed to measure therapeutic adherence in depressed patients. From the Regional Portal of the Virtual Health Library (VHL) databases and their associated websites, PubMed, and Scientific Library Online (Scielo). This research was accomplished during the months of November and December 2020. Articles such as clinical and cross-sectional trials from the last five years, with adults (≥ 18 years) diagnosed with depressive disorder, under antidepressant treatment, were included. therapeutic adherence and the type of methods used to measure adherence, the types of interventions to increase adherence and the impact of beliefs on adherence to treatment were evaluated. Studies that did not show a measure of adherence to antidepressant treatment before and after the intervention were excluded. Ten studies were selected, showing differences in intervention methods and in adherence measures. Cross-sectional studies show that the level of adherence for the treatment of depression is low, especially in the elderly, and that beliefs about treatment and illness can influence this adherence, despite the fact that 1 study claims that it does not. Two studies showed improvement in adherence after interventions with a statistically significant result. And three studies prove that pharmacists can influence adherence, as there has been a significant increase in adherence to antidepressants. Thus, it was clear that for the patient to adhere to the treatment, it is necessary to have a humanized monitoring, on the other words, it might have a link between the health professional and the patient. Because, when this professional explains how it works and what to expect from the treatment, clarifying doubts, beliefs and stigma, helps the patient to understand the disease and consequently adhere to the treatment. Another factor that can lead the individual to adhere to treatment is the social support and motivation of both health professionals and family members.