Caracterização química dos compostos envolvidos na atratividade de Bephratelloides pomorum (Fabricius, 1808) (Hymenoptera: Eurytomyidae): uma nova estratégia para o MIP.

Abstract

The soursop, Annona muricata L. is a tropical annonacea, originating in Central America and northern South America. Due to the growth of soursop cultivation, problems with pests that infest different plant structures can cause great damage to the crop. Among these pests stands out the seed borer, Bephratelloides pomorum (Hymenoptera: Eurytomyidae), which has become one of the most important species in the soursop crop due to the severity of the damage it can cause. Being mulltivoltino and endophytic, this insect pest is difficult to control. In the search for an efficient control of this pest and the need to develop an efficient control, the interest of studying semiochemicals in the hope of creating an efficient strategy to monitor and control this pest in soursop orchards. The aim of this study was to determine substances involved in attractiveness among individuals of the species B. pomorum. Insects were collected from infested soursop fruits. These fruits were obtained from commercial orchards in the municipalities of Limoeiro de Anadia, Arapiraca and Maragogi in the state of Alagoas. The fruits were sent to the Laboratory of Research in Natural Resources (LPqRN) of the Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL) and kept in PVC cages, surrounded by a screen and sexed as adults. The collection of volatiles from the adult insects of B. pomorum was carried out using the methods of solvent extraction from the surface of the insect's body, extraction by maceration of the abdomen and extraction by dynamic head space of the insects. The analysis of the extracts by GC-DIC, GC-EAG and GC-EM led to the identification of the present compounds. The analysis of the extract obtained by dynamic headspace of females of B. pomorum led to the identification of 12 compounds. The electroantenography test indicated that the compounds 2,4- ert-butylphenol, 1-hexadecene and 2,6,10,14-tetramethylhexadecane were electrophysiologically active for males of B. pomorum. The chromatographic analyzes indicated the presence of 12 compounds in the dynamic head space extracts of females of B. pomorum, the compounds, Phytol and 2,6,10,14-tetramethylhexadecane were confirmed by the use of standards and electroantenographic studies showed that males of B. pomorum showed positive responses to the compound 2,6,10,14-tetramethylhexadecane present in the extracts. KEYWORDS: Chemical ecology; Annonaceae seed borer; behavior; control.