Composição química de solo para implantação de Musa sp. no Município de Teotônio Vilela-AL.

Abstract

Soil fertility is one of the crucial factors for agriculture, whose main objective is to increase production. Therefore, it is extremely important to know the nutritional requirement of cultivars. Fertility-oriented studies are essential for fertilizer recommendations in all regions, especially in the cultivation of banana, which is a very demanding plant in terms of fertility. Thus, the present work sought to evaluate soil fertility, emphasizing the quantification of nutrients needed to ensure the agricultural productivity of the Musa sp. The research was carried out at the Laudelino farm, municipality of Teotônio Vilela/Alagoas, between the years 2019 to 2020, where soil sampling was carried out, randomly collected in the 0-20 cm layer, removing 1 kg of soil and sent to the soil laboratory of the Campus of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences (CECA) of the Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL) located in the municipality of Rio Largo-AL, for chemical analysis. The hydrogenionic potential (pH), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K+) accessible were analyzed; exchangeable calcium (Ca+2) and magnesium (Mg+2); exchangeable aluminum saturation (m%), CTC cation exchange capacity at pH 7.0 (T); base saturation (V%) and; organic matter (OM). As a result of the analysis, the following results were obtained: pH levels (5.6); MO (14.1 g/kg) P (5.0 mg/dm3) K (110 mg/dm3), Ca2+ (3.42 cmolc/dm3), Mg2+ (2.53 cmolc/dm3); Al3+ (0.00 cmolc/dm3), H (4.41 cmolc/dm3), and CTC (T) (10.73 cmolc/dm3); m (0.0%) and V (59%). From the above results, it is suggested the application of 1,103 kg of calcitic limestone in order to increase the base saturation to 70%, in addition to the addition of 50 kg/ha of N and 343.5 kg/ha of P2O5 and 96.7 kg/ha of K2O. It is worth noting that its applications in the soil must be carried out through sources of 837.8 kg/há of triple superphosphate; 161.2 kg/ha of potassium chloride and 111 kg/ha of urea. It is also essential to add 30 to 50 t/ha of organic matter, such as cattle manure to the soil, in order to make better use of the material for crops. Keywords: Fertilization. Soil management. Mineral nutrition