Benefícios da participação do enfermeiro na construção do plano de parto: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

The care provided to women the parturition process has made significant changes over the years, the process of medicalization of labor and delivery has contributed to women being removed from their knowledge, controls and active participation in labor. The birth plan appears to be introduced by prenatal educators, with the purpose of facilitating communication between pregnant women and health professionals. The elaboration of a birth plan contributes to the humanization of care, as it serves as a document, of a legal nature, in which the pregnant woman, after receiving information, exposes her wishes and expectations for childbirth. Therefore, this study aims to analyze what are the benefits present in the elaboration of a birth plan and to evaluate how the elaboration since can have an impact on labor. The study is an integrative review, whose objective is to synthesize and group research results related to a given theme, summarizing the past of empirical or theoretical literature, to provide a more comprehensive understanding of a given phenomenon. In the data collection, online searches were carried out, in September 2022, in five databases, namely, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences - LILACS, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online - Medline, Banco de Data in Nursing - BDENF, PubMed and Scientific Electronic Library Online - SciELO, the following keywords were used: “birth plan”, “gestation” and “nurse”, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. The search was carried out with the grouping of keywords, which were joined by the Boolean operator “AND”. The keywords were crossed, (birth plan) AND (nurse); (birth plan) AND (pregnant woman), aiming to obtain more refined results. In these searches, a total of 4,719 articles were found in Portuguese, English and Spanish, and a total of 18 articles were selected for the final composition of the sample. From the analysis of the sample, it was possible to conclude that the birth plan works as an instrument for the exercise of the individual autonomy of the pregnant woman, in addition to affirming that the elaboration of a birth plan contributes to the awareness of professionals providing care, in addition to encouraging respect for the choice needs of the pregnant woman and her companion.