Fenologia de Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi e sua relação com a variabilidade das chuvas no semiárido brasileiro

Abstract

The ecogeographic domain of the caatinga occupies an area of about 750,000 km2 and encompasses parts of the territories belonging to the states of Maranhão, Piauí, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Pernambuco, Paraíba, Alagoas, Sergipe, Bahia and part of Minas Gerais. In the semi-arid region, water scarcity exerts a direct influence on the vegetation, so that this influence varies over time, providing a diversity in the physiognomy of this vegetation. A good part of the semiarid species have properties for human use, either for their wood, animal feed or their phytotherapeutic properties. The species Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, known as red mastic, is a plant with a great diversity of uses, with medicinal properties, such as antimicrobial, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of rainfall pulses on reproductive phenophases in S. terebinthifolius, to know the reproductive phenological patterns and germination capacity of S. terebinthifolius seeds, and to provide information on the best time to obtain seeds in the area. experimental. For phenological monitoring, ten trees of similar size were selected. The recording of phenological data was carried out between the first half of June 2020 and the second half of May 2021. Observations were carried out at fortnightly intervals, recording the presence and absence of flowering and fruiting phenophases. For the determination of the Fournier intensity index, phenological data were obtained in the field, through a semiquantitative interval scale of five categories (0 to 4), with an interval of 25% between each category. The experiment was carried out at the Laboratory of Phytotechnics, Campus of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences (CECA), Federal University of Alagoas, Rio Largo, AL, Brazil. Phenological studies of intensity and activity of phenophases correlated with the climatic factor rainfall, from June/2020 to May/2021, in the caatinga area, showing that flowering and fruiting, and consequently, the production and obtaining of seeds terebinthifolius were influenced by the rainy season or reserve pulse.

Keywords: aroeira-red. caatinga. reserve pulses.