Co-terapia própolis vermelha de Alagoas e Glucantime®: avaliação clínica nas leishmanioses

Abstract

Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease that, according to the etiological agent, can present as Tegumentary (LT) and visceral (LV) Leishmaniasis. For both, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the use of antimonials (in Brazil, Glucantime®) as a medication of first choice, despite presenting some drawbacks, such as a long period of treatment, route of parenteral administration and incidence of side effects. Hence the importance of the search for alternatives in the chemotherapy of leishmaniasis. Thus, the project aims at the clinical investigation of co-therapy, red propolis from Alagoas PVA (oral administration) associated with Glucantime® in patients with LT and LV. The study was divided into two groups, control (GE-LTA and GE-LVA) for LT and LV patients using Glucantime® and patients who used PVA in co-therapy with Glucantime® (GE-LTAB and GE-LVAB). The variables were analyzed: sex, age, origin, time of healing of the lesions, plasma markers (AST and ALT) and biomarkers of renal function (urea and creatinine). Patients with VL were evaluated using the same markers, biomarkers, in addition to hematological markers (hematocrits, leukocytes, lymphocytes and platelets), reduction in the size of the viscera, liver and spleen. The PVA extract was previously characterized according to the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA). Twenty LT patients were admitted to the study, 70% male and the majority between 20 and 59 years old, from the 3rd RS The healing of injuries in the GE-LTAB group stood out for presenting a shorter healing time when compared to the group control. The markers and biomarkers showed no difference between the groups. VL patients, 75% were male and the majority were under 20 years old, coming from the 7th and 8th RS The markers such as ALT and AST, in the GE-LVA group were altered and in the GE-LVAB group it remained within normality. Biomarkers showed no difference between groups and the same occurred with hematological markers. The viscera reduction was greater in the GE-LVAB group. This study showed a more marked reduction in the viscera in the group that used propolis. From the information obtained, it can be considered that a low-cost product that reduces the healing time of the lesions in the LT and in the LV acts by significantly reducing the viscera, can present a real gain in the social life of the patient affected by this disease. Finally, as perspectives, specific techniques such as the quantification of the parasitic load will be used to obtain the leishmanicidal activity of these patients involved in the study.