Interação solo-estrutura em edifícios sobre fundação do tipo sapata

Abstract

A very common practice in calculus offices is the adoption of some simplifications for carrying out the structural design, one of which is the consideration of fixed supports in the foundations, thus disregarding the influence of deformability and soil action on the structure. However, what happens in practice is that the structure, the foundation and the soil mass behave as an inseparable, with reciprocal influence. The objective of the research is to analyze the influence of Soil-Structure Interaction (SSI) through the comparison of loads and settlements of foundations, horizontal displacements and bending moments of beams and columns generated by the conventional method, with fixed supports, and by considering the SSI, with flexible supports, in two residential buildings with seven and fourteen floors, both on sandy and clayey soil, with footing foundations and assessment of two softwares, Eberick 2022 demonstrative and SAP2000 V23. Furthermore, the flexible supports were established through the Winkler hypothesis, with the simulation of springs in the foundations. In the analysis of the loads on the footings, it was found that the most loaded columns yield load to the less loaded ones. This redistribution of load generates smoother deformations, with more uniform settlements, in addition, small changes were found in the loads and settlements of the foundations. However, bending moments and horizontal displacements suffer from more significant variations, especially for floors closer to the foundation, due to the decrease in stiffness in this region when considering the SSI. It is concluded that the adoption of flexible supports brings a more realistic model, providing safer analyses.