Screening fitoquímico e potencial hemoglutinante do fruto e semente do oitizeiro (Licania tomentosa)

Abstract

Many tropical plants have promising biological activities, with potential therapeutic applications. The Chrysobalanaceae family is well known for the wide use of its species in traditional medicine, with an emphasis on its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities already described. In order to explore and expand the biotechnological potential of tropical species, this work aims at the phytochemical study and the identification of the presence of lectin in the fruit and seed of the species Licania tomentosa (Benth.) Fritsch (Chrysobalanaceae), popularly known as oitizeiros. For this study, the fruit (peel and pulp) and the seed were used, from which the crude extracts were obtained in buffer Tris HCl 50mM pH 8.0, from which the protein fraction was obtained, derived from the sulfate saline fractionation with ammonium sulfate. Phytochemical analysis, protein dosing and hemagglutinating activity were performed in the aqueous extract and the protein fraction, based on this, it was possible to observe that the crude extract of the seed had greater hemagglutinating activity (HA 1024) compared to the other extracts and it did not suffer alteration even under different temperature conditions. The seed extract also showed the highest concentration of proteins in the studied samples and also showed a greater diversity of secondary metabolites. All evaluated tissues showed the presence of hemagglutinating activity and protein content, especially the oiti seed. It is concluded that the aqueous extract of L. tomentosa has hemagglutinating activity and resistance to heating, which makes it an interesting object of study for research related to lectins and that the fruit and seed of oiti have a wide variety of secondary compounds with different biotechnological potentials.