Análise do discurso: noções semânticas antigas e medievais

Abstract

Manifestating of thoughts through the use of the written and/or spoken language have historically been the means by which men and women express themselves about the way they read the word, tell the others about their discoveries, their needs and feelings. This paper aims to present the importance of the study of language to philosophy, as well as to make an analysis of the constituent parts of the discourse considered as logos, through an ancient and medieval prism. The two main Platonic and Aristotelian theories are presented hereto in order to explain some language phenomena, and how the words used to name things gain meanings. It is also showed how the conceptions, mainly the Aristotelian ones, echo and develop in the thought of medieval philosophers, notably the English logician William of Ockham, who has a new approach with his theory of supposition.