Derivados do ácido cinâmico e suas aplicações: uma revisão da literatura

Abstract

Cinnamic acid (CA) is a phytochemical, naturally occurring in plants, which has low toxicity and is governed by a great therapeutic potential, being able to act through different mechanisms depending on the target, however, the concentrations found in plant sources are scarce, on the other hand, through organic synthesis, it is possible to obtain considerable amounts of certain molecules. CA synthetic derivatives have been highlighted in the literature as important and promising compounds with a high potential in the development of drugs, presenting an excellent alternative in the search for optimized compounds through structural modifications with the introduction of different pharmacophoric groups, presenting prophylactic action in a broad spectrum of biological activities against pathogens. This review work was carried out with the aim of investigating scientific advances aimed at the development of new compounds derived from CA, given its high structural versatility, which is intrinsically associated with its activity and mode of interaction. The methodology used consisted of a bibliographical survey in the literature, quantitative and qualitative, consulting different databases and using keywords to select the most relevant articles of today, in the years between 2019 and 2023, regarding antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, insecticide and larvicidal activities of CA derivatives. Therefore, CA derivatives, considering their structure-activity relationship (SAR), are important matrices in the development of new fighters against pathogenic biological agents, since these organisms acquire resistance over the years, and the compounds already developed lose their effectiveness, every new year is synthesized, making it always necessary to prepare revisions that can encompass these new molecules in one place.