Prevalência de manifestações alérgicas ao látex entre profissionais de saúde do centro cirúrgico do HUPAA

Abstract

Latex is a product of rubber tree extraction and is used in the production of healthcare equipment. It contains 15 antigens that cause allergic reactions. In healthcare professionals, who are constantly exposed to risk factors, latex allergy is highly prevalent, with several clinical manifestations and negative repercussions on quality of life and productivity. The objective of this study is to evaluate latex allergy manifestations in healthcare professionals at the Surgical Center of the Professor Alberto Antunes University Hospital. This is a descriptive and quantitative study. Data were collected using a previously structured questionnaire and were subsequently analyzed based on descriptive statistics. A total of 110 professionals participated in the study, of whom 62 reported having at least 1 symptom of latex allergy. Regarding risk factors, frequent exposure to latex, previous surgical interventions and use of rubber urinary catheters were the most associated. The main symptoms were discomfort in the hands, dermatitis, pruritus and loss of sensitivity in the hands. Most allergic reactions were associated with latex gloves, despite reports of symptoms after using antiseptics. Therefore, identifying professionals affected by latex allergy is essential to improve quality of life, increase work performance and efficiency, and ensure individual and patient protection measures. This can be achieved by changing the type of glove, changing equipment, and installing air filters, reducing the difficulties faced by health professionals.