Análise do desempenho econômico-financeiro no setor bancário: comparativo entre bancos tradicionais e fintechs no período de pandemia

Abstract

With the negative impact generated by the COVID-19 pandemic and the increase in the search for services in the digital environment, with the need to understand the economic-financial impact caused by the pandemic on the banking sector, this research on the topic of analysis of economic-financial performance in the banking sector: comparison between traditional banks and fintechs during the pandemic period, analyzes the impacts caused by the pandemic on the economic-financial indicators of companies in the banking sector and makes a comparison of the performance in the period between the indicators of traditional banks and fintechs. The companies used were the traditional banks Banco do Brasil, Bradesco, Itau and Santander, and the digital banks were Agibank, Inter, Nubank and Original. The period analyzed was between the years 2019 and 2022, where the accounting statements of the companies in this period were gathered, the calculations of the economic-financial indicators were carried out and the interpretation of the results obtained through the indicators was analyzed. From the analysis of economic-financial indicators, it was found that companies in the banking sector had a negative impact on their statements, especially in 2020 where there were the biggest drops in indicators. After 2020, there was an increase in financial intermediation revenues compared to 2019 in institutions. Carrying out the comparison, it was found that traditional banks had a smaller impact compared to digital banks on their indicators, with digital banks presenting less liquidity and greater growth in their revenues and expenses.