Análise de desempenho térmico em um conjunto habitacional na cidade de Maceió/AL

Abstract

The purpose of producing popular housing is to reduce inequality, promoting housing and public services for the socially vulnerable population, improving their quality of life. However, what is seen on the national scene in relation to social housing is the standardization of projects, facilitating construction, but without paying due attention to the comfort of the population in their homes. The present work aimed to analyze the thermal performance of housing units subjected to the climatic context classified in Bioclimatic Zone 8,established by standard NBR 15220-3 of ABNT(2005), with a view to satisfying the thermal comfort of its users. The methodology applied consisted of analyzing a housing typology considering the fourteen implementations found in the José Aprígio Vilela housing complex, built within the scope of the Minha Casa Minha Vida Program and destined for Economic Range 1, located in the neighborhoods of Jacarecica and Benedito Bentes, in the city of Maceió-AL, which has 1,923 single-family units. Applying the simplified thermal performance assessment procedure, described in NBR 15.575 (2021), the external seals, frames and coverage of the Prolonged Permanence Environments (APP) of these homes were analyzed. APP guidelines were also analyzed regarding the incidence of the region's predominant winds (east, southeast and northeast) and the insolation incident on the windows of the long-term housing environments, in the fourteen chosen installations. The results indicated that, of the 14 deployments identified, none were classified as well protected and well ventilated. As a result, guidelines were proposed to make APPs thermally more comfortable for their users. It is concluded that none of the houses in the complex have the ideal use of winds to ventilate long-term spaces and that only two implementations obtained satisfactory results in relation to the shading of windows in long-term spaces.