Parâmetros genéticos em indivíduos de Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth por meio de caracteres fenotípicos

Abstract

The Atlantic Forest, an extremely rich and threatened biome, has only 12.4% of its original vegetation cover due to intense fragmentation caused by the uncontrolled use of natural resources and the disorderly development of the territory. This fragmentation increases the vulnerability of vegetation, affecting ecological ecological processes and introducing the edge effect in forest remnants. In response to these challenges, environmental restoration initiatives have emerged, such as revegetation and reforestation. In the context of Alagoas, the species Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth, popularly known as sucupira-preta, is highlighted for its ecological and economic potential, being useful in sectors such as civil construction, carpentry and folk medicine. Research on morphological and genetic characteristics is essential for the development of effective conservation and management strategies, fundamental for the long- term preservation of biodiversity. This work was carried out with the aim of phenotypically characterizing individuals of Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth belonging to the UFAL Arboretum, contributing to the conservation of the species and indicating priority individuals for the recovery of degraded areas, as well as for its genetic improvement. The following data were collected: Diameter at Breast Height (DBH, cm), Total Height (HT, m), Height of the First Branch (H1RM, m), Average Cup Diameter (DMC, m2) and Shape of the Shaft (FF). Descriptive and multivariate analyzes were obtained using the SELEGEN and Rbio programs, respectively, from which it was possible to verify that the black sucupira population has genetic variability promising for its conservation and genetic improvement. A significant brightness was noticed between HT and H1RAM, reducing such characters for early selection of superior individuals. Furthermore, the results indicate that individuals 17, 51, 54, 72, 79 should be prioritized for seed collection, as they present greater genetic distance.

Keywords: Genetic variability, Genetic parameters, Multivariate analysis.