Panorama de compra de alimentos da agricultura familiar no âmbito Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

The National School Feeding Program (PNAE) is the main Brazilian public policy aimed at school feeding. Its implementation takes place through financial transfers to federated entities (states and municipalities), based on the school census of the year prior to the service. Within the scope of this program, there is an incentive to purchase food from family farming (AF). Due to the mandatory purchase of a minimum of 30% of the amount transferred by the Federal Government. Therefore, given the legal requirements for the acquisition of AF products by the PNAE and the existence of a minimum purchase percentage established by law, the present study aims to analyze the AF purchasing panorama within the scope of the PNAE. To this end, this Course Conclusion Paper presents a literature review that provides a theoretical foundation on the topic in question, pointing out aspects inherent to the AF food purchasing process and presents an original systematic review article. This article was developed through a search in the databases SCIELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), Medline via PUBMED, Web of Science and Virtual Health Library (VHL), which initially generated 3,865 studies. After applying eligibility criteria, 35 articles were selected to compose this systematic review. The results showed that transfers are frequently made to federated entities, however, there are gaps and difficulties in using the transfers to purchase products from AF. The average AF purchases found was 23%. It is concluded that more incentives are needed for 100% of municipalities to adhere to AF purchases at a rate of 30% or more. It is important to highlight that the PNAE and the partnership with AF constitute one of the main effective public policies for school feeding worldwide, despite bureaucratic difficulties and obstacles, the program is successful in its proposal, providing healthy food for school feeding and valuing AF.