O sistema prisional brasileiro em tempos de crise estrutural: o encarceramento em massa e o mito da ressocialização

Abstract

The present dissertation deals with the phenomenon of hypertrophy in the Brazilian prison system and the ineffectiveness of the resocializing principle, in the context of the structural crisis of capital. With the central objective of revealing mass incarceration and its intrinsic relationship with the penal control developed by the neoliberal State today, this study seeks to apprehend the economic, political and social determinations that affect the growth and worsening of penal control under the marginalized layers. In a context in which prison is seen as something natural, inevitable and permanent in our daily lives, we consider it essential to apprehend the true nuances that structure and reproduce the criminal control of the State. On the occasion, we will emphasize the Brazilian prison system and the existing paradox between the principle of social (re)insertion (resocialization), which sustains it, and the overwhelming increase in its custodians, which currently place Brazil in the ranking of the 3rd largest prison population. , with a contingent of 918,137 people deprived of their liberty (CNJ, 2022). For the development of this study, we took Marxist thought as a theoretical-methodological basis, by articulating our object of investigation with the totality and its singularities, through the framework of materialist dialectics, through bibliographic research having as reference authors such as Marx, Engels , Wacquant, Rusche, Kirchheimer, Melossi, Pavarini, Garland, Mascaro, Guimarães, Malagutti, among others, and documental research on websites of the National Penitentiary Department (INFOPEN/DEPEN), the National Bank for Monitoring Prisons (BNMP 2.0) and the Institute for Crime & Justice Policy - University of London. In short, we carried out a socio-historical rescue of the bases of punitive and repressive control of the State and its functionality in capitalist sociability. As well, we apprehend the development of the punitive force in the context of the structural crisis of capital, which directly reflects on the processes of criminalization of poverty and mass incarceration of the population considered "superfluous", without use, at least immediately, for the process of valorization and reproduction of capital.