Surface Plasmon Polariton em metamateriais com fator de perda

Abstract

Maxwell’s equations are traditionally presented using the fundamental fields (E and B). In this study, we explore an alternative formulation of Maxwell’s equations that also incorporates the fields D and H, which are used to more adequately describe electromagnetic phenomena in materials, taking into account how these materials respond to the presence of external electric and magnetic fields. We also introduce the concept of metamaterial, a type of artificially engineered material that exhibits unusual properties compared to natural materials. Based on this concept, we demonstrate the possibility of sustaining Surface Plasmon Polaritons (SPPs) in a specific configuration, detailing its implementation. SPPs in metamaterials present unique characteristics that allow precise control of light at nanometric scales. By designing the geometry and properties of metamaterials, it is possible to adjust the resonances of the SPPs to interact with light at different wavelengths. In this work, we adopted a more realistic approach by including the loss factor in the formulation of the metamaterial. This inclusion expanded the possibilities for applications in advanced optical devices, such as ultrasensitive sensors, light modulators, and integrated optical circuits. By manipulating the loss factor, we were able to efficiently control the frequency variation, allowing for precise adjustment of the optical properties of the metamaterial for various applications. The study and development of SPPs in metamaterials represent a continuously evolving research area, providing significant opportunities for advances in the manipulation and control of light at nanometric scales, with potential applications in various areas of optical technology.