As estratégias projetuais na produção de edifícios verticais de uso misto em Maceió

Abstract

The vertical mixed-use building, incorporating diverse functions within a single tower or vertical condominium, can serve as a catalyst for urban vitality by integrating with the sidewalk, promoting a more pedestrian-friendly interaction. Within the context of a compact city, it is widely encouraged for its ability to reconcile verticalization and the overlay of uses. The first exemplar of this typology in Maceió emerged in 1976, in the Pajuçara neighborhood. Initially, verticalization in the Ponta Verde, Jatiúca, and Pajuçara neighborhoods consisted of low-rise buildings with pilotis at sidewalk level and without barriers. This feature favored the interaction of the building with the street, allowing the crossing of streets through the common area of the pilotis. However, over time, underground parking spaces altered this dynamic, leading to the elevation of the ground floor and disconnection from the sidewalk, resulting in high walls. This Final Graduation Project (FGP) in Architecture and Urbanism aimed to comparatively analyze existing buildings up to 2023 and those under construction/launch until 2027, categorizing them into six design strategies. The survey accounted for a total of 28 buildings, with 14 already existing and the others in the construction phase. Strategies 1 (ground floor at sidewalk level) and 2 (elevated ground floor) present challenges in the relationship between commerce and the building, while Strategies 5 (external gallery) and 6 (wide transition zone), being more recent, show greater harmony. In the comparison between existing and future buildings, the implementation of active facades, wide sidewalks, and urban kindness stand out. The analysis of design strategies highlights the evolution in the conception of these buildings, aiming for greater harmonization with the urban context and a more balanced coexistence between residential and commercial spaces. By promoting active facades and expansive transition spaces, mixed-use buildings emerge as positive agents in shaping the city, contributing to vitality in the areas where they are implemented.