Seleção massal em uma população de melão (Cucumis melo L.)

Abstract

This study aimed to perform the first cycle of mass selection in population PM3 melon and choose the most important characters in the choice of plants, using the technique of principal components for the next cycles of mass selection. This population has the following characteristics: fruit shaped ranging from a flattened oval, with ribs, without transverse diameter, yellow and small to medium size and can segregate for Mendelian characters, which was planted on 15/12/2011, and harvested at 75 days after sowing. The fruits totaling 1,188 fruits were analyzed by external morphology, the formation of phenotypic classes and subsequent selection of phenotypic following class: yellow peel fruits, without transverse diameter without ribs, salmon flesh and rounded to oval. Then a selection was made of melon fruit for the following quantitative traits in selected phenotypic class: Fruit Weight -> 740.0 grams Diameter Longitudinal -> 11.0 cm, Diameter Cross -> 10.0 cm, thickness Pulp -> 1.9 cm, thickness Bark -> 0.2 cm; Diameter Cavity - <8.0 cm. Subsequently we applied the method of principal components for quantitative traits of melon fruit. The results led to the following conclusions: (a) The class phenotypic CF 17 was selected to present the following characteristics: yellow peel fruits, without transverse diameter without ribs, salmon flesh and rounded to oval, representing 14.81% of the population of melon fruits PM3; (b) Within the class phenotypic CF 17 54 fruits were selected based on the six quantitative traits to the next selection cycle, representing 4.54% of the melon fruit of the study population; (c) There was an increase of 10.92% on the weight of the fruits of melon in the selected sample compared to the original population; (d) The first three principal components explain 80.02% of the total variation found in the original data; (e) In the next cycles of mass selection in population PM3 melon should be used the following characteristics: fruit weight, transverse diameter and Shell thickness.