Conhecimento dos residentes sobre as medidas de prevenção em infecção relacionadas à assistência à saúde

Abstract

The integration between theory and practice is the essential basis of multidisciplinary health residencies (RMS), where residents have the chance to apply their academic knowledge under supervision. During this period, they face several practical challenges in hospital units, which provides a conducive environment to improve their skills in preventing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). These infections are adverse events in health services, which can be reduced through good practices and prevention and control measures. The objective of this study was to evaluate residents' knowledge about prevention measures for infection related to healthcare, using a qualitative approach, through the Case Study, for data collection using the Lookalike Instruction technique. Held at a teaching hospital in Maceió, Alagoas, it involved second-year residents of the Multiprofessional Residency in Adult and Elderly Health (RMPSAI) in 2022. The interviews were conducted individually by the researcher, recorded and transcribed. After the instruction, participants carried out a simple selfconfrontation, analyzing their actions and producing written comments. The data were analyzed according to the Malheiros methodology. The results revealed three main categories: Infection prevention through developed skills and competencies: residents demonstrated knowledge, practical application of prevention measures, care for patients and adherence to hygiene protocols and use of PPE. Challenges in developing infection prevention and control actions: Insecurity, uniformity in conduct indicating insecurity, negligence in precautionary measures, failures in hand hygiene and doubts about prevention measures were evident. In the third category, potential for infection prevention: The effectiveness of health education and situations in which PPE were effectively used for prevention were highlighted. These categories reflect different aspects of residents' knowledge, practice, and attitudes toward infection prevention, offering valuable insights for continuous improvement of healthcare-related infection control practices. Based on the results, an educational product was developed and a pedagogical workshop, "Precautionary Measures for the Prevention of Healthcare-Associated Infection – HAIs". With the aim of deepening knowledge about infection control related to healthcare. It is expected that this work will contribute to the teaching-learning process about infection prevention measures related to health care among RMS residents.