Os ratos de Clarice Lispector: metáforas, metafísica do ser diante da literatura

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the metaphor of the rat in the narratives of Clarice Lispector's writing, namely: A maçã no escuro (1961), A mulher que matou os peixes (1968), A paixão segundo G.H. (1964), Felicidade Clandestina (1971), Laços de Família (1960), O lustre (1946) and Uma aprendizagem ou o livro dos prazeres (1969). Through the analysis of the animal figure, an element present in Clarice's narratives, and studies on the use of the metaphor of the rat during the Second World War, this work will present a connection between the rodent and human nature, both supported by the existentialist definition of Being coined by Sartre (2007). An analysis of the relationship between the "I" and the "other" was also outlined, here marked by the notion of ontological difference, thought by Derrida (2002, 2005), which comes up against the "different" and the "strange", with which the discussion about the metaphors of the rat and disgust is established, noting a denudation of the grotesque and the horror, elements evoked in the relationship between the rat and the human. Reveals the image of the Claricean rat as an element of the narrative that goes beyond the category of metaphor, claiming the role of character. To support this work, Bosi (2006a, 2006b), Colasanti (2020), Derrida (2002, 2005), Moser (2013), Penha (2014), Sartre (2007), Spiegelman (2005) and Spielberg (1993) were used as theoretical reference.