Coinfecções fúngicas em pacientes críticos de covid-19: um desafio oculto

Abstract

The present study addresses the prevalence and mechanisms of fungal coinfections in patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), it emerged in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, rapidly evolving into a global pandemic. Individuals with comorbidities such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and pulmonary diseases are more susceptible to severe infections. In this context, it becomes crucial for healthcare professionals to be vigilant about coinfections. The COVID-19 virus compromises cellular immunity, increasing susceptibility to opportunistic infections, especially in patients hospitalized in ICUs, subjected to broad-spectrum antibiotics, corticosteroids, and mechanical ventilation. This review aims to examine the literature on fungal coinfections in patients with COVID-19, highlighting specific factors of each opportunistic infection and its incidence. Although the diagnosis of coinfections may be challenging, their identification is fundamental to guide appropriate clinical interventions. Recognizing the risk factors associated with the spread of coinfections can inform effective clinical strategies and reduce potential risks for patients.