Turismo, som e suas relações na construção de um mapa sonoro em um recorte à beira-mar, no bairro da Ponta Verde, Maceió-AL

Abstract

Ponta Verde is a residential neighborhood, located in the coastal region of the city of Maceió, with great influence from tourist activities, concentrating several hotel establishments, bars and restaurants. Considering the notoriety of Ponta Verde for the city, due to the interests generated by economic activities, the fact that the neighborhood meets part of the city's tourist demand and, also considering the history of noise pollution in the neighborhood, it is possible to observe the importance of monitoring Sound Pressure Levels (SPL), in an attempt to guarantee lower SPL in the sound environment, preserving the health of the population. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between the different occupancy patterns of the hotel chain and the construction of a sound map in a section of the seafront in the Ponta Verde neighborhood, Maceió-AL. The methodology was divided into four stages: Selection of the area under study; Survey of physical data - where a study was carried out on verticalization and vocations, through maps of gauge, land use and occupation; Survey of sound data - where the method for collecting sound data was established, where three scenarios to be investigated were determined, based on the occupancy rate of the hotel chain in Maceió, and the distribution of measurement points, ordered based on the layout of tourist attractions and relevant points in the area; and; Computer Simulations - where the sound data collected in the previous stage was compiled and computer simulations were carried out in order to investigate the impact of noise sources on the sound environment and buildings. Finally, a proportional increase in SPL was found due to the increase in the occupancy rate of the city's hotel chain, especially due to the increase in vehicle traffic, people and the installation of temporary tourist attractions, with their own sound sources, presenting high levels of LAeq, equivalent to 94dB. In the worst-case scenario, SPLs equivalent to 69dB were found on the façade of one of the buildings analyzed, demonstrating the need to reduce sound levels equivalent to 34dB, in an attempt to meet the Evaluation Criteria Levels (ECL). Measures to manage and control excessive noise were highlighted in an attempt to ensure the sustainable development of economic activities and the quality of the noise environment. Reflections were also presented on the ACLs established by the regulations, bearing in mind the particularity of the area, as it is a residential region with a great deal of influence from tourist activities.