Avaliação da eficiência de carvão de bambu na remediação de águas residuárias de petróleo

Abstract

The oil produced water is the effluent that requires more concern in the process of exploitation of hydrocarbon oil, due to its content of contaminants, as well as the high volume, reaching 250 million barrels per day, or 40 billion liters worldwide. This work aimed at the removal of contaminants from oil wastewater in order to fit them in environmental regulations for disposal or for reuse in the process. It was used the synthetic effluent consisting of diesel oil, phenol, sodium chloride and distilled water. The method selected for treatment was adsorption in fixed bed. For this was used a cylindrical adsorption column which was filled with bamboo charcoal without pretreatment. It was adopted a complete plan with 23 three parameters (adsorbate concentration in solution, flow rate and pH) and two levels (factor values). Analyzes of infrared spectroscopy were conducted bamboo charcoal for identification of functional groups on surface and analysis of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and UVVIS of sample solution for evaluating the efficiency of removal of contaminants. Kinetic studies were performed using adsorption models of pseudo-first-order and pseudo second order and the final assembled into a full factorial design 23. The results revealed a highly significant efficiency around 90 % removal when the experiments were conducted in acid medium. Among the kinetic models tested, the best fit was the pseudo-second order. At the end came to the conclusion that the bamboo charcoal without pre-treatment can be used as an adsorbent, provided that a proper adjustment of pH.