A noção de jogos em Heidegger e Wittgenstein: semelhanças e dessemelhanças

Abstract

This dissertation aims to expose the concept of Games (Spiele) in Heidegger and Wittgenstein, pointing out similarities and dissimilarities in the authors approaches. In Heidegger, the concept is presented in the winter classes of 1929 in Freiburg, which has the title of Introduction to Philosophy. For Heidegger, games aim to make explicit a dynamic of phatic interaction with entities within the world, from which descend the openings of: Understanding, moods and language, that is, understanding their games means preliminarily reassembling a terrain of ontic and ontological practices , which attests to the precariousness of language to say the being and, at the same time, founds an originary and everyday experience with the same in a formative dynamic of play. For Wittgenstein, games aim to make explicit the varied uses that we can make of language in everyday life, with the “concept of imprecise contours” of Games, the Austrian explicitly shows, in Philosophical Investigations (1953), the multiple environment of linguistic interactions that they never become detached from other activities or broad models of action. In general, we have, for Heidegger, a concept that recovers a system of existential practices outlined in Being and Time (1927), which serve to understand the formation of Being-in-the-world; and, for Wittgenstein, a concept that involves, indiscriminately, in the praxis of language, practical aspects that are predetermining and inherent to a way of living in community that are interconnected with language in action. These general characteristics are better understood in the course of the presentation of the games by the authors, who, in part, approach and distance themselves, in the descriptions of what it means to play, follow a rule and be immersed in context or in a sintonia. Finally, our work will reach its maximum objective, when trying to think about conceptual comparisons combined with critical considerations about the use of the concept among our philosophers.