Crise estrutural do capital, reestruturação produtiva contemporânea e neoliberalismo: a tríade problemática que sustenta o sistema sociometabólico do capital na atualidade

Abstract

The work presented here aims to study the concept of structural crisis of capital in its relationship with contemporary productive restructuring and neoliberalism from a perspective of system saturation, as addressed by Mészáros and other authors such as Giovanne Alves e Cristina Paniago. It is a bibliographical research. The study initially performs an analysis of the way the capital system works and shows the outbreak of crises as a natural way of developing this system that helps maintain its logic of expanded self-reproduction. It then demonstrates how the activation of the absolute limits of capital occurs and, consequently, the emergence of the structural crisis in the 20th century and its effects on society. Subsequently, it investigates the behavior of the capital system in the face of the structural crisis, where a restructuring of its production and reproduction bases was identified with the aim of generating relative surplus value, processes that radically modified the scope of the world of work. Finally, it discusses neoliberalism as a political strategy of the bourgeoisie to solve the expansionist difficulties of capital. The hypothesis is that capital, faced with the structural crisis, needs to restructure productively to create solutions to the crisis. The conclusion we reach is that the insatiable nature of capital's socio-metabolic system makes its revitalization impossible in the face of the structural crisis, making it necessary to overcome this system to overcome the current crisis.