Análise dos indicadores financeiros: estudo de caso comparativo entre empresas do comércio varejista listadas na B3 antes e após a COVID-19

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic represented an unprecedented global health crisis, resulting in millions of deaths, mass layoffs and recurring business failures. In Brazil, the first year of the pandemic saw historic declines that affected family consumption and the performance of companies in different sectors. The Brazilian retail sector, of great importance for the national GDP and the generation of formal jobs, also suffered a strong contraction in the first months of 2020, although it began to recover in the second quarter of the same year. Given this scenario, this study aims to analyze the financial performance of retail companies listed on B3, focusing on the period before, during and after the Covid-19 pandemic. The companies under analysis are Magazine Luiza S.A, Grupo Casas Bahia S.A and Lojas Renner S.A. The period of analysis covers the years 2019 to 2022, during which key indicators related to the liquidity, profitability and debt of these organizations were evaluated. It is important to highlight that this study contributes to the understanding of a still recent period, highlighting the informative value of the financial indicators of companies in the retail sector in the midst of a crisis. As for the methodology, it is a documentary research of multiple cases, descriptive and quantitative, in which data from the Consolidated Financial Statements were extracted from the B3 website and processed in the spreadsheet of the WPS Office 2019 software. Additionally, comparative graphs were created between the companies to facilitate the process of examining information. The results reveal solid liquidity in most companies, with the exception of Grupo Casas Bahia S.A due to high debt. There was also an increase in the debt of Magazine Luiza S.A and Lojas Renner S.A from 2019 to 2020. The profitability of Magazine Luiza S.A decreased in this period, while Grupo Casas Bahia S.A showed significant inefficiency in ROE in 2019. Furthermore, Lojas Renner S.A reduced its profit capacity from 2019 to 2020, but there was recovery in 2022. Therefore, the results met the objective of the study.