Análise morfométrica, morfográfica e modelagem de paleosuperfícies das bacias dos Rios Ipanema e Traipu

Abstract

In this study, the application of geoprocessing techniques enabled the construction of data that enhanced the understanding of the structures and processes in the Hydrographic Basins of the Ipanema and Traipu Rivers, both of which belong to the São Francisco region. Data processing took place in a GIS environment, using software programs such as QGIS, ArcGIS, and Surfer, in addition to Excel for table preparation. Morphometric parameters, such as drainage hierarchy, drainage density index, and relief roughness index, were applied for evaluation. Morphographic analysis involved the extraction of elevation points and the identification of paleosurface models. It was observed that both basins exhibit a 5th-order hierarchy, with low drainage density and few areas with high roughness. Furthermore, three sectors were identified in both basins, associated with the Borborema Plateau and the São Francisco Lowland. The results obtained through these parameters were satisfactory, highlighting the utility of the indices in the analysis and understanding of the morphological evolution of the studied basins, with the aim of evaluating the morphometric and morphographic properties of the Ipanema River Basin and the Traipu River Basin, both within the São Francisco region.