Indicadores antropométricos de obesidade e pressão arterial em adolescentes: estudo transversal “Esporte sem Fronteiras”

Abstract

Adolescence is considered a transition phase from childhood to adulthood in which important changes occur, such as lifestyle, eating habits, and even a reduction in physical activity levels that are related to obesity. It is understood that obesity is characterized as an accumulation of excess fat in the cells, which can lead to numerous health-related problems. The objective of the present study was to analyze the relationship between obesity and blood pressure indicators in adolescents participating in the following projects: Sport without Borders, University Hospital Hebiatrics, Academia & Futebol and CRB/under 15. As a methodology, a quantitative, descriptive and correlational study was used. Anthropometric variables were considered independent, which include: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-toheight ratio (WHtR), (∑COs). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were considered as the dependent variable. After data collection, the data were systematized and analyzed, the study variables were typed into an Excel spreadsheet and analyzed using the statistical program STATA® version 13. Pearson's correlation test (r) was used, considering p < 0.05. The results showed a moderate correlation between ∑COs (r=0.351; p=0.049) and BMI (r=0.354; p=0.047) associated with SBP. In conclusion, although a small portion of the sample had high blood pressure, it is important to highlight that HBP is a condition that predisposes to hypertension. The study found significant correlations with anthropometric indicators such as IMC e ∑DCs. These findings can contribute to the proposition of interventions and actions in the school environment in order to promote a healthier lifestyle, especially with regard to cardiovascular health in adolescents. This demonstrates the importance of assessing anthropometric indicators and measuring blood pressure, which can be included in the school environment because it is not easy to apply and is a non-invasive method.