O conceito de fração e seus diferentes significados: uma sequência didática para o ensino de frações no 6° ano do Ensino fundamental

Abstract

The present work aims to propose a Didactic Sequence for teaching fractions to 6thgrade students in Elementary School. This didactic sequence incorporates the various meanings of fractions and makes use of didactic resources intended to enhance the teaching and learning process. Initially, we provide a brief explanation of the history of fractions, their concept, and meanings, as well as the difficulties that students often face when dealing with concepts and operations involving fractions. The choice to address this topic and the inclusion of didactic resources are motivated by the understanding of the challenges that students face, both in the early years and in the later years of Elementary School. Regarding the methodology, this research adopts a qualitative approach of a basic and exploratory nature, based on a literature review. Based on the analysis of this information, we have developed a Didactic Sequence consisting of seven activities, four tasks, and two games, incorporating various didactic resources such as educational games, exercise lists, and support materials. Through the use of these resources, we aim to promote a solid and meaningful understanding of fractions. In addition to enhancing students' cognitive skills, these resources also reinforce the concepts covered, stimulate autonomy and creativity, and provide a clearer understanding of how fractions are applied in everyday situations.