Cissampelos sympodialis uma alternativa de tratamento para pacientes asmáticos: uma revisão da literatura

Abstract

Asthma is one of the respiratory diseases that most affects people worldwide. Currently, glucocorticoids are the drugs most used to treat the inflammation of the disease, but their chronic use can bring undesirable adverse effects. Therefore, the study of natural species has intensified more and more, in order to minimize these risks. Cissampelos Sympodialis is a species of plant native to the northeast and southeast of Brazil, popularly known as Milona, used for a long time by indigenous people in the treatment of respiratory diseases and studies have increasingly demonstrated its effectiveness in the treatment of asthma. Based on this, the objective of this work was to know and analyze the pharmacological properties of Cissampelos Sympodialis as well as its possible mechanisms in relation to asthma models, through a search in the literature. This work was elaborated from research carried out in the following databases: Periodicals of Capes, Google Scholar, Pubmed and Scielo. Key words were used: Cissampelos Sympodialis, asthma, bronchodilator, antiinflammatory, Warifteína, Methylwarifteína and Milonina and their correspondents in English. This research was carried out between April and May of the year 2023. The research accepted articles in all languages, without predilection for year of publication. 17 articles were accepted and demonstrated, given that the keywords used were the most suitable. Of these, 70.5% of the articles demonstrated activity of the hydroalcoholic extract, 52.9% of the alkaloid Warifteína, 11.7% Methylwarifteína and 5.8% Mylonina, obtained from the leaves of the plant and administered in animals. The main routes of administration used were oral, intranasal and inhalation and the main concentrations that showed a reduction in the inflammatory mechanisms caused by asthma were: 2mg/kg and 2 mg/ml of the three alkaloids and 40mg/kg, 100mg/ml, 200mg/ kg and 400mg/kg of leaf extract. Thus, given the results found, we can conclude that Cissampelos Sympodialis can become an alternative treatment for asthma, but further clinical studies are needed to evaluate and define the most appropriate concentration and route of administration, as well as observe more specifically its therapeutic effects in patients with the disease.