(Re)habitar o centro: projeto de requalificação de edifício ocioso no centro de Maceió para habitação de interesse social

Abstract

At least 8% of the Brazilian population is in a situation of housing insecurity, which impacts on the high rates of homelessness in the country. In contrast, the central areas of large cities in Brazil suffer from abandoned and idle buildings in the fulfillment of their social functions. In this way, this present work seeks to understand the problems related to housing and urban voids and how building rehabilitation can be a viable strategy for amortization in the numbers of the Brazilian housing deficit, and also how this can help to reduce the number of housing stocks built far from urban centers. A theoretical review on the subject was carried out in order to discuss the possibilities and viability of the hypothesis raised, in addition to analyzes of related works, four in the cities of São Paulo - SP and Vitória - ES, and another in Bordeaux, France. As a result of this work, a preliminary project for the rehabilitation of the Palmares Building, in the center of the city of Maceió, for social housing that is in a situation of abandonment and degradation, was prepared. With the project, 141 housing units between 21 and 63m2 distributed over 12 standard floors were allocated, in addition to 6 commercial units between 48 and 148m2 on the ground floor, configuring the building as a mixed-use building. Finally, this study suggests that the rehabilitation of idle properties in city centers ends up offering many advantages for the promotion of urban vitality and redemocratization of central areas, while it is also used as a tool to reduce the housing deficit, aiming at improvements in the quality of life of the population and sustainable urban development.